If you have noticed a pattern of behaviors in someone you know that is consistent with some of the risk factors and warning signs, it is time to take action. Here are some things you should and should not do when you think someone may be at risk of suicide:
Remain calm.
Though you may be shocked and overwhelmed, it is important to try to stay relaxed. By remaining calm, you are creating a comfortable atmosphere for the person who is suicidal to open up to you and reach out for your help. Do not give up hope or begin to panic. If an individual is opening up to you, he or she must trust you and feel comfortable with you. Do not doubt yourself in the situation. It is important that the person have someone with them, so make sure to not leave him or her alone. Remember, what this person really needs right now is a friend.
Be prepared to talk about suicide.
Four out of five completed suicides gave clear warning signs before the attempt. While death is an uncomfortable subject for many people, it is important to be able to talk about it openly and honestly. There should be no fear in talking to someone about suicide. By discussing it, you are not putting the idea in their head or increasing the likelihood of suicidal behavior. An open discussion can help decrease some of the anxiety experienced by a suicidal person and come as a relief to them that someone else cares and wants to help them. Talking about suicide can help them see the other options they have. Further, asking them if they are suicidal can be helpful because some people view this question as permission to feel the way they do, making it easier for them to open up.
When talking to a person who may be suicidal, it is important not to minimize or dismiss their problems. Instead, try to provide them with reassurance. Be sure to acknowledge their fear, sadness, and other emotions, and tell them you care about them and want to help them. Keep from encouraging feelings of guilt or being judgmental.
Since people who are contemplating suicide feel so alone and helpless, the most important thing to do if you think a friend or loved one is suicidal is to communicate with him or her openly and frequently. Make it clear that you care; stress your willingness to listen. Your first question should be whether or not he or she is having suicidal thoughts. If the answer is yes, then ask the individual if he or she has a plan of how to do it. If the answer is yes, ask if he or she has obtained whatever is needed to do it, and if so, if a time has been determined. Getting the answers to these questions can help you evaluate the mindset of the person and get him or her the necessary help.
Be prepared to ACT.
When a suicidal individual wants to open up to you, don’t be afraid to get involved and take action to get them help.
If someone is suicidal, he or she must not be left alone. Try to get the person to seek help immediately from his or her doctor or the nearest emergency room, or call 911. It is also important to limit the person’s access to firearms, medications, or other lethal items that could lead to suicide.
Do not try to play the hero.
Though it is important to act immediately, it is better not to act alone. Helping a suicidal person is not easy. It can take a lot of time and energy and bring forth an array of emotions. Having the support of others can help you help someone else. Additionally, you should never attempt to physically take away a weapon. You do not want to put yourself in a dangerous situation, nor do you want to aggravate the suicidal individual.
Do not promise confidentiality.
Though an individual may ask you to guarantee confidentiality, try to avoid making this promise, and be prepared to break it if you do. Keeping an individual’s promise is not as important as saving a life. Though the person may be hurt and angry initially, you must remember that he or she is unable to think clearly right now, and realize it may take time to begin to return your relationship to what it was.